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Question

Subject: Classification of Jurisdiction - Exclusive vs. Concurrent

1. In a criminal case involving multiple offenders, the Regional Trial Court (RTC) has jurisdiction over the crime. The accused individuals were charged with robbery with homicide, a charge punishable by reclusion perpetua. However, during the course of the trial, it was discovered that one of the accused is a minor below 15 years old. Can the RTC proceed with the trial of the minor offender? Explain.

2. A dispute arises between two neighboring barangays over the ownership and boundaries of a piece of land. The barangays involved are unable to reach a settlement, and each claims exclusive rights over the land. Which court has jurisdiction over the case? Discuss the jurisdiction of the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) and the RTC in resolving this type of dispute.

3. In a labor dispute case, an employee filed a complaint against his employer for illegal dismissal. The employee claims that he was terminated without just cause and due process. The employer, on the other hand, argues that the dismissal was valid due to the employee's repeated violations of company policies. Determine the appropriate venue for the employee to file his complaint and explain the concept of jurisdiction in labor cases.

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Answer